I’m wondering why the George caribou herd has declined so precipitously.
The collapse of caribou populations is happening all over northern Canada, the George River herd is one of the more advanced but many others that were considered to be stable are also declining rapidly.
There has been quite a bit of research over the past 20 years and of course plenty of anecdotal commentary. Over hunting is always a popular explanation especially when you can lay that off on native populations and/or Don Jr type sport hunters. I don't give this much credibility, at best (or worst) hunting is the last nail in the coffin, there are regular reports of poaching of the George herd (all hunting is now prohibited in Labrador and eastern Quebec) and certainly that can have a impact when the numbers remaining are so small (perhaps around 5,000).
Climate change is of course trotted out, I'm skeptical on that, the climate in that part of the world is harsh, nothing new there, any slight increase in temperature would seem to me to provide a better environment in terms of food supply and anyway the rate of climate change seem to move too slowly to explain such a rapid change in animal populations.
Disease seems to be the main focus for science researchers, various parasites,Chronic Wasting Disease (CWD) etc. may be the explanation, some of this may be related to climate as the range of more southerly species move north bringing diseases new to these areas.
One of the outfitters I spoke with who has been involved in sport hunting (now strictly angling) going back to the 1970's thinks it's related to food supply. During the peak populations the slow growing lichens were decimated, although the George River valley shows lots of growth of alders, grasses and other edibles up on the plateau it is more like actual barrens with minimal vegetation.
One thing clearly apparent to me on this trip was the lack of wildlife of all types (except insects). Over the past few years I have been tripping mostly in Northern Ontario, from James Bay west to Lake Winnipeg, on all of those trips there have been plenty of mammals both big and small plus incredible numbers of birds. The George by comparison was desolate, not even a mouse, plenty of bear tracks along the lower river (only one actual sighting) but that was it. I understand that musk ox are now in the area, originating from a small group imported into the area west of the George about 30 years ago, I really hoped to see one but didn't. Also a few polar bears near the coast, I didn't expect to encounter any and didn't want to, I've had my fill of those on my two Seal River trips.
Thanks for the comments, my approach is to pile on lots of words and pictures to make up for my deficient writing skills, deficient in the sense that my experience for both reading and writing is mostly in the fields of business/technical/legal.